TEOTIL2 Metals: Model development report

Introduction

As part of a commitment to protect the marine environment of the Northeastern Atlantic, Norway estimates annual terrestrial loads for selected pollutants and submits them to the OSPAR Commission. Riverine fluxes are estimated using long-term monitoring datasets where possible, supplemented by model simulations in regions where direct observations are not available. Since the mid-1990s, the model TEOTIL (Tjomsland et al., 2010) has been used to simulate fluxes of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in unmonitored areas. This report describes work to extend TEOTIL to include metals: arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn).

Contents

1. Review of metal behaviours

2. The TEOTIL model

3. TEOTIL Metals

   3.1. Estimating local inputs

   3.2. Estimating retention

   3.3. Statistical relationships

   3.4. Direct estimates of metal concentrations

4. Conclusion

5. References

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